Cultural Difference: The Interpretive Lens of Language and Behaviour
The greater the geographic distance between two countries, the greater their cultural differences. The greater the cultural differences, the higher the risk of misinterpretation of language and behaviour. Cultural distance governs the complexity of linguistic adaptation of materials destined to be used in other countries.
One Version or More? When to Ask for a Harmonized Translation
Not every set of “related” languages can be harmonized. Harmonization only makes sense under certain conditions, and it should never be simply a shortcut for reducing translation costs. Understanding when harmonization makes sense will help you make better operational decisions for your high-stakes projects.
American vs. British English: Same Language in Different Voices
In the context of clinical outcome assessments, why is adaptation between British English and American English harder than we expect it to be?
Beyond English: Why Instructional Language Matters in Rater Training
Most clinicians learned medicine in their national instructional language and can speak or read English, but conversational fluency is not the same as instructional fluency for complex diagnostic constructs.
